Russula mushrooms are a large genus of ectomycorrhizal fungi, meaning they form symbiotic relationships with the roots of trees and shrubs. In this relationship, the fungus provides the tree with water and nutrients, and in return, the tree provides the fungus with carbohydrates. Mycorrhizal mushrooms are important for the health of forests, as they help to protect trees from disease and drought. Found all over the world, and are especially common in temperate and boreal forests.
Russula mushrooms are known for their bright colors, which can range from red and orange to yellow, green, blue, and purple. Their caps are typically smooth and their gills are white to cream-colored. The stems are usually white (sometimes with colors like the cap). They are usually brittle and crumble easily.
Spore color ranges from white (most common) to creamy-yelow to orange.
Russula Mushrooms at Indiana Fungi
See Introduction to Russula Mushrooms at Mushroom Appreciation